ELT365 · D154 — Bottom-Up Processing: Decoding the Signal
Idea — Bottom-up processing means decoding sound by sound or word by word — building meaning from the signal itself. Essential when the topic is unfamiliar…
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ELT365 · D153 — Top-Down Processing: Let Schema Do the Work
Idea — Top-down processing means using background knowledge, topic familiarity, and context to make sense of what you hear or read before decoding every word. Example…
ReadELT365 · Day 266 — Planning Lexis into Lessons
Idea Vocabulary is not filler — it needs staging: encounter, notice, use. Pre-teaching blocks meaning; recycling builds retention. Example Pre-teach two blocking words before a reading…
ReadELT365 · Day 254 — Stage Aims vs Lesson Aims
Idea Each stage has its own micro-aim that serves the overall lesson aim. The lead-in does not practise the target language — it activates interest and…
ReadELT365 · Day 253 — Staging a Lesson — What Is a Stage?
Idea A stage is a discrete part of the lesson with its own aim, activity, interaction pattern, and timing. Most 60-minute lessons have four to seven…
ReadELT365 · Day 252 — Solutions — Planning for Problems
Idea For every anticipated problem, write a solution — not a worry. The plan is your back-up strategy. A problem without a solution is just an…
ReadELT365 · Day 245 — The Lesson Plan vs the Lesson
Idea A written plan is a hypothesis; the lesson is the experiment. Experienced teachers deviate from plans when learners need something different — but only because…
ReadELT365 · Day 235 — Using the Board Effectively
Idea The board is a shared, permanent record of the lesson. A clear, organised board plan — written before the lesson — prevents mid-lesson confusion and…
ReadELT365 · Day 220 — Starting the Lesson Well
Idea The first three minutes set the pace and signal what kind of lesson this will be. A strong start narrows the gap between what learners…
ReadQuestion Words — Who, What, Where, When, Why | English for Kids A2
Question words start your questions! Word Asks about Who people What things / actions Where places When time Why reasons Examples “Who is your teacher?” “Where…
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