Idea — Peer feedback trains learners to read critically, builds editing skills, and removes dependence on the teacher as the sole source of response. Example — A checklist with three criteria — Is the purpose…
Idea — Written feedback is most useful when it targets what the learner can improve next — not a comprehensive correction of everything wrong. Example — ‘Your ideas are strong. This lesson, focus on: check…
Idea — Free writing gives learners maximum autonomy — topic, form, length, and language are all their choice. It is fluency practice transferred to paper. Example — ‘Write anything you want to say. Ten minutes.…
Idea — Guided writing provides scaffolding — sentence starters, paragraph frames, content prompts — reducing the language load so learners can focus on meaning. Example — ‘First, … . One reason for this is ……
Idea — Writing for a genuine reader produces better work. When someone outside the classroom reads the text, learners attend to clarity and register more carefully. Example — A letter to a local newspaper, a…
Idea — Genre-based writing teaches that every text type has social purpose and cultural conventions. Learning a genre means learning its purpose, audience, and form. Example — A job application has a purpose (get an…
Idea — Product writing focuses on the final text — its genre conventions, organisation, and accuracy. Learners study a model, then produce one like it. Example — Analyse a letter of complaint: opening, problem statement,…
Idea — Process writing treats writing as cyclical — draft, get feedback, revise, draft again. The focus is on improving the text through multiple iterations. Example — First draft for meaning → peer feedback →…
Idea — Writing involves distinct sub-skills: generating ideas, organising, drafting, revising for content, editing for language. Good tasks target specific sub-skills. Example — Brainstorming targets idea generation. Re-ordering targets organisation. Reformulation targets editing. Each does…
Idea — Speaking and writing prepare each other: talk generates ideas; writing organises them. A three-minute discussion before a writing task fills the page. Example — Ask learners to discuss a topic for three minutes,…